Housing has become one of the most politically charged economic issues in Spain. Rising rents, the difficulty of finding available apartments, and the increasingly delayed transition of many young people into independent living generate understandable frustration. When access to an essential good becomes difficult, the temptation quickly arises to identify a visible culprit: landlords, property platforms, investment funds, speculators, or simply “the market.”
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When Democracies Get It Wrong: Political Correction, Presidential Judgment, and an Uncertain World
The international environment of 2026 has forced governments to reconsider assumptions that seemed relatively comfortable only a few years ago. The continuing war in Ukraine, the U.S. operation in Venezuela, the war involving the United States, Israel, and the Iranian regime, severe disruption in the Strait of Hormuz, tensions across the Taiwan Strait, and renewed arguments over European defense have all changed how political leaders evaluate power, credibility, and risk. These events are interconnected not because they form part of a single conflict, but because every government watches what happens elsewhere and updates its expectations about what allies and adversaries are willing and able to do.
Continue readingExtremism, Interventionism, and Political Polarization
One of the least productive habits in contemporary politics is the assumption that criticizing one political party automatically means supporting its principal opponent. In Spain, criticism of the PSOE is frequently interpreted as evidence that one must therefore support the Partido Popular or Vox. The same binary reasoning increasingly appears elsewhere: if one criticizes the progressive left, one must be “far right”; if one criticizes Donald Trump, one must belong to the left.
Continue readingThe Hidden Costs of Europe’s Energy Transition: Cheap Generation Is Not the Same as Cheap Electricity
Europe’s energy transition is usually described through a relatively simple set of numbers: how many solar panels have been installed, how much wind capacity has been added, how quickly emissions are falling, and how much fossil-fuel consumption has been displaced. These indicators matter. But they do not tell us whether the transition is economically well designed.
Continue readingPolitical Correctness: Voluntary Respect or Politically Enforced Conformity?
Political correctness has become one of the most controversial concepts in contemporary Western societies. Ironically, much of the debate begins before any substantive discussion even starts, because people rarely agree on what the term actually means.
Continue readingWhy Political Economists Need Real-World Experience: Beyond the Ivory Tower
One of the most persistent problems in modern political economy is the growing separation between academic knowledge and practical experience. Universities produce increasing numbers of specialists who are highly trained in theory, statistical techniques, and academic writing. Yet many have limited exposure to entrepreneurship, finance, business decision-making, public policy implementation, or the economic realities faced by ordinary citizens.
Continue readingReflections from the 10th Austrian Economics Meeting Europe in Angers
From May 28 to May 30, I had the privilege of participating in the 10th Austrian Economics Meeting Europe, held in the historic city of Angers, France. Events like this remind me why academic exchange remains one of the most important elements of intellectual development.
Continue readingRemembering Margaret Thatcher: Thirteen Years On
Thirteen years have passed since the death of Margaret Thatcher. Commemorations of political leaders often drift into ritual. Yet Thatcher’s legacy cannot be understood in isolation, nor can it be reduced to domestic policy debates within the United Kingdom. Her historical significance lies in a broader constellation of figures—Ronald Reagan, Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman, and Pope John Paul II—who, across different domains, contributed to the intellectual, political, and spiritual defeat of communism in the late twentieth century.
This was not a coincidence of personalities. It was a convergence of ideas, institutions, and moral conviction.
Continue readingArtificial Intelligence, the Knowledge Problem, and Why Universities Will Become More Important, Not Less
Every technological breakthrough produces two kinds of reactions. The first is excitement—often exaggerated. The second is fear—almost always misplaced. Artificial intelligence is no exception. As large language models and memory-augmented systems advance, a familiar claim resurfaces: that university teaching and research will soon be automated away, and that professors will become obsolete. This argument misunderstands both artificial intelligence and universities. More importantly, it misunderstands knowledge itself.
Continue readingEntrepreneurs, Not the State, Are the Driving Force of the Market Economy
In Human Action, Ludwig von Mises made a claim that remains deeply unsettling to statist thinking even today: the true driving force of the market economy is not the state, not bureaucratic planning, and not public authority—but entrepreneurs. This assertion is not rhetorical. It is a theoretical conclusion rooted in the logic of human action, the functioning of the price system, and the irreducible uncertainty of the future.
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